Show content of Salomon, Max

first name(s), surname: Max Salomon / Max S. Shellens
day of birth: 03.11.1884
birthplace: Frankfurt am Main
day of death: 19.02.1961
place of death: Plymouth, United Kingdom
photo / document:
Salomon-Max--Foto-300 Max Salomon in December 1927
Salomon-Max--letter-300 Letter from Max Salomon to the Management Board of Deutsche Bank dated 21 December 1938, in which he announced his emigration and requested information about his future pension. His family initially stayed behind in Germany and emigrated to the US in 1941. His wife had received pension payments from the bank until then. (HADB, P02/S1062)
life:

The son of the Frankfurt stockbroker Emil Salomon joined the Frankfurt branch of Disconto-Gesellschaft in 1913 after completing his law studies with a doctorate. After a number of years, he advanced to head of the Secretariat (syndicate department). In 1925 he moved to the Elberfeld branch (now part of Wuppertal) of Disconto-Gesellschaft, where he became head of internal affairs. In mid-1929 he was appointed full director and co-manager of the Erfurt branch of Disconto-Gesellschaft. He retained this position even after the merger between Disconto-Gesellschaft and Deutsche Bank. At the end of 1934, he was retired early because of his Jewish descent. Already in mid-1934, Salomon moved his residence back to Frankfurt. He was imprisoned in the Buchenwald concentration camp from 11 November to 20 December 1938. On 19 April 1939, Salomon emigrated to the United Kingdom. His non-Jewish wife and two children initially remained in Frankfurt, but decided to emigrate to the USA in May 1941. In the post-war period, the family lived in the United Kingdom, where Max Salomon took his wife's maiden name - Schellens - and changed it to Shellens. Under the name M. S. Shellens, he published a series of writings on legal philosophy that attracted attention in professional circles.
joined Deutsche Bank: 04.03.1913 (Disconto-Gesellschaft)
end of employment: 31.12.1934
career: 1913 - 1925 Disconto-Gesellschaft Frankfurt am Main branch (1919, Prokurist [holders of commercial power of attorney], 1921 deputy director)
1925 - 1929 Disconto-Gesellschaft Elberfeld branch
1929 Disconto-Gesellschaft Erfurt branch (director)
1929 - 1934 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Erfurt branch (director)
last known address: Frankfurt am Main, Eppsteiner Str. 45, "Stolperstein" (literally “stumbling stone or block”, metal cobblestone commemorating an individual victim of Nazism) laid in May 2022 on the initiative of Deutsche Bank
emigration: 19.04.1939 to the UK
archival source: HADB, P02/S1062
literature: M. S. Shellens, Das sittliche Verhalten zum Mitmenschen im Anschluß an Aristoteles, Hamburg: Felix Meiner Verlag 1958
link:

https://spurensuche.dav-frankfurtmain.de/biografien/details/Salomon-Max.html

https://catalog.princeton.edu/?f%5bauthor_s%5d%5b%5d=Salomon%2C+Max%2C+1884-

Show content of Schwarzenberger, Carola

first name, surname: Carola Schwarzenberger
day of birth: 01.04.1909
birthplace: Karlsruhe
day of death: 20.12.2005 
place of death: Miami, Florida
photo/document:
SchwarzenbergerCF300 Carola Schwarzenberger at the end of the 1920s.
(HADB, F25/678)
life:

Carola Schwarzenberger was the daughter of the Karlsruhe merchant Leon Schwarzenberger (29 July 1872 in Karlsruhe - 28 November 1942 in the Nexon internment camp, France), owner of the scrap metal and raw materials trading company of the same name, and his wife Ida née Dietz (16 September 1870 in Offenbach - after 12 August 1942 in Auschwitz-Birkenau). Carola Schwarzenberger's older siblings Rosa and Walter were murdered in Auschwitz in 1942, as was her mother.
Carola Schwarzenberger attended elementary school in Karlsruhe from 1915, the higher girls' school from 1918 to 1925 and the higher commercial school in 1925. Immediately afterwards, she began a banking apprenticeship at the Karlsruhe branch of Rheinische Creditbank, which lasted until May 1928. After completing her training, she was taken on as a clerk by the branch. In October 1929, Rheinische Creditbank merged into Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft. Carola Schwarzenberger continued to be employed as a clerk at the Karlsruhe branch of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft until at least 1936. She was classified in pay group II. Probably in 1937, she was dismissed because of her Jewish descent. On 2 December 1939, she managed to emigrate to the US via Rotterdam. She lived in New York, where she married the German-Jewish emigrant Herbert Zirker (22 July 1907 in Berlin - 22 August 1998 in Aventura, Florida) on 6 May 1942. Karola Zirker, as she was called after her marriage, died in 2005 in Miami, Florida.
joined Deutsche Bank or precursor: 01.11.1925 (Rheinische Creditbank Karlsruhe branch)
end of employment: about 1937
career:

01.11.1925 - 01.05.1928 Rheinische Creditbank Karlsruhe branch (apprenticeship)
01.05.1928 - 29.10.1929 Rheinische Creditbank Karlsruhe branch (clerk)
29.10.1929 - about 1937 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Karlsruhe branch (clerk)
last known address: Karlsruhe, Schützenstrasse 73
emigration: 02.12.1939 via Rotterdam to New York
archival sources: HADB, F25/678
links:

https://hohenemsgenealogie.at/getperson.php?personID=I57387&tree=Hohenems

https://www.geni.com/people/Karola-Zirker/6000000029078552457

https://www.proveana.de/de/archivale/bestand-glak-480-landesamt-fuer-die-wiedergutmachung-einzelfallakten-schwarzenberger-rosa

Show content of Schweizer, Friedrich

first name(s), surname: Friedrich Schweizer
day of birth: 20.08.1891
birthplace: Karlsruhe
day of death: 23.12.1962
place of death: Chicago
document:
SchweizerD300 Letter from Deutsche Bank Mannheim branch to the Mannheim city treasury dated 24 July 1939, requesting a "certificate of tax clearance" in order to transfer the remaining balance of Friedrich Schweizer's account of over 4000 Reichsmark to Great Britain. The beginning of war on 1 September 1939, ultimately rendered the efforts obsolete.
(HADB, F028/0011/2)

life: Friedrich Schweizer originated from Karlsruhe. His parents were Bernhard Schweizer and Anna, née Scheuer (30 June 1864 in Worms - December 1935 in Karlsruhe). Nothing is known about his schooling or career path. He probably found his way into banking around 1910 and was employed at one of the predecessor institution of Deutsche Bank in Baden. From the end of October 1929, Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft was represented in Mannheim and numerous other locations in the region. Friedrich Schweizer was last employed at the Mannheim branch in salary group III and received a 10 percent allowance.
Friedrich Schweizer married Irene, née Regensburger (18 July 1905 in Plauen - 22 June 2007 in Chicago) on 27 March 1929. The couple had a son, Hans (later Henry Bernard) Schweizer (19 September 1933 in Mannheim - 15 May 2009 in New York).
At the end of June 1937, Friedrich Schweizer was dismissed from the bank because of his Jewish origin. He received severance pay of 1,700 Reichsmark and a monthly pension of 266.67 Reichsmark, which was paid until October 1940. In June 1939, the family managed to flee to Great Britain, where they found shelter with Edgar C. Harvey in the small town of Dorking in Surrey, south of London. In 1940 they were able to travel on to the US, where they settled in Chicago. Friedrich Schweizer died in 1962.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): unknown
end of employment: 30.06.1937
career:

unknown - 30.06.1937 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Mannheim branch
last known address: Mannheim, Grosse Merzelstrasse 7
emigration: June 1939 to Great Britain; 1940 to the United States
archival sources: HADB, B381; HADB, F028/0011/2; HADB, F028/0689
links:

https://www.geni.com/people/Friedrich-Schweizer/6000000025399930825

https://www.myheritage.com/names/friedrich_schweizer

Show content of Selb, Erich

first name(s), surname: Erich Selb
day of birth: 14.08.1900
birthplace: Mannheim
day of death: 01.03.1967
place of death: Berlin (West)
photo/document:
SelbF300 Erich Selb on 19 September 1936
SelbD300 Letter from Karl Ritter von Halt, member of the Management Board of Deutsche Bank, to Erich's father Emil Selb, dated 20 July 1942, in which he explains the transfer of Erich Selb as a "Jewish Mischling of the first degree" to a less prominent position by saying that all leading positions were filled with people against whom there was not the slightest objection from the "standpoint of the racial question." (HADB, P02/S1092)
life:

Erich Selb was the son of the Mannheim lawyer Dr. Emil Selb (2 July 1869 - 21 March 1948) and his wife Helene née Ladenburg (24 June 1870 - 29 September 1946), daughter of Gustav Ladenburg, partner in the private bank W. H. Ladenburg & Söhne. He attended the Lessing School in Mannheim, where he graduated in June 1917. He then completed his military service with the 2nd Baden Dragoon Regiment 21 with the rank of cadet until the end of the war in 1918. From 1919 he studied law at the universities of Frankfurt, Freiburg and Heidelberg. In 1922 he received his doctorate with a thesis on corporate law.

After completing his studies, Selb began a banking apprenticeship at the Weinheim branch of Rheinische Creditbank, which was shortened to one year. He then worked for a short time as a cashier at the branch before moving to the Mannheim head office of Rheinische Creditbank in September 1923, where he worked in several departments over the next two years. As he was looking for international experience he joined the bank Handel-Maatschappij H. Albert de Bary & Co. in Amsterdam in early 1926. This Dutch bank was closely linked to Disconto-Gesellschaft in Berlin. There he was able to gain good knowledge in a wide variety of areas of international banking. In March 1928, Selb left de Bary. He then spent five months in London and five months in Paris to improve his language skills. With the support of Theodor Frank, one of the partners of Disconto-Gesellschaft, Selb managed to join the bank's head office in Berlin in March 1929. The merger between Deutsche Bank and Disconto-Gesellschaft in October 1929, in which their South German subsidiaries were also involved, meant that his planned transfer to the Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft in Mannheim was canceled. Instead, he was initially employed in the Berlin head office of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft and from the end of 1930 in several of the bank's city sub-branches in Berlin as deputy manager. In 1932 he was promoted to senior employee and manager of a city sub-branch.

On 18 March 1933, he married Hildegard Sperling, daughter of the police veterinary officer Julius Sperling and his wife Gertrud née Königsdörfer. In September 1938 he was appointed manager of the city sub-branch at Belle-Alliance-Platz 15.
In July 1942, Selb was questioned about his ancestry by the bank's management, which had received a tip from the German Labor Front. Because of his mother's Jewish origins, he was considered a "Jewish Mischling of the first degree". The case went to the Management Board of Deutsche Bank, which decided to remove Selb from his position as manager of a city sub-branch and to place him in a less prominent position in the Berlin city head office as a credit controller. In November 1944, Selb was drafted - because of his Jewish origins - by the Todt Organisation to work in Kassel-Oberzwehren, where the Dutch construction company O. M. Vetten was building barracks. Because of his knowledge of Dutch, he worked mainly in the construction manager's office. After the end of the war in 1945, Selb returned to Berlin to work for the now dormant Deutsche Bank (old bank). The Berlin city council recognized him as a "victim of fascism", which meant tax relief. On 31 March 1954, Selb moved to Berliner Disconto Bank, which had been founded in 1949 as the new West Berlin successor to Deutsche Bank. He worked voluntarily as treasurer of the Berlin Tennis Association until his death in 1967.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 15.03.1922 (Rheinische Creditbank Weinheim branch)
end of employment: 31.03.1954 (transfer to Berliner Disconto Bank)
career:

15.03.1922 - 15.09.1923 Rheinische Creditbank Weinheim branch (apprenticeship and employee)
16.09.1923 - January 1926 Rheinische Creditbank, Mannheim (employee)
February 1926 - March 1928 Handel-Maatschappij H. Albert de Bary & Co., Amsterdam, securities department and correspondence, secretary to Otto Urbig
April 1928 - January 1929 stays abroad in London and Paris
01.03.1929 - 29.10.1929 Disconto-Gesellschaft Berlin head office
29.10.1929 - October 1937 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Berlin head office and various city sub-branches in Berlin (since 1932 senior employee and manager of a city sub-branch)
October 1937 - Juli 1942 Deutsche Bank Berlin, various city sub-branches (manager of a city sub-branch, since 01.09.1938 at city sub-branch Belle-Alliance-Platz 15)
July 1942 - 06.11.1944 Deutsche Bank Berlin city head office (credit controller)
07.11.1944 - April 1945 construction company A. M. Vetten, Kassel-Oberzwehren, service obligation for the Todt Organisation
01.08.1945 - 30.09.1954 Deutsche Bank Berlin (old bank)
since 31.03.1954 Berliner Disconto Bank
literature: Hermann Schäfer, Die Rotary Clubs im Nationalsozialismus. Die ausgeschlossenen und diskriminierten Mitglieder. Ein Gedenkbuch, Göttingen 2024, pp. 649.
archival sources: HADB, P02/S1092; P33/S0004/II
links:

https://gedenkbuch.baden-baden.de/person/selb-dr-emil/

https://gedenkbuch.baden-baden.de/person/selb-helene-geb-ladenburg/

https://www.tvbb.de/images/Tennis-Magazine/1960-1969/14---Berliner-Tennis---Blatt-1967_web.pdf

Show content of Seligmann, Emil

first name(s), surname: Emil Seligmann
day of birth: 27.05.1901
birthplace: Mainz
day of death: 14.02.1945
place of death: Subcamp Langenstein-Zwieberge, concentration camp Buchenwald
document:
ESeligmann300 Excerpt from the personnel form that Emil Seligmann filled out when he joined the Deutsche Bank Koblenz branch in 1920.
(HADB, P08/S0098)
life: Emil Seligmann was the son of the bank director Emil J. (1863-1942) and Anna Maria Angelika Seligmann née Illian (1877-1942), who was not Jewish. He and his sister Christine (1903-1982) were born out of wedlock. The parents were only able to marry in 1907, after the death of their uncle Ferdinand Seligmann (1836-1906), owner of the same bank in Bingen, of which Emil J. Seligmann was co-owner. Ferdinand Seligmann had been against the marriage.
Emil Seligmann attended secondary schools in Bingen, Mainz and Offenbach until 1917. Then he completed a banking apprenticeship at his father's bank, Emil J. Seligmann in Bingen, where he subsequently worked as an employee for a year. On his father's recommendation, he joined Deutsche Bank's Koblenz branch in May 1920 to complete his training. Due to repeated disciplinary offences, the Koblenz branch terminated his employment at the end of February 1921. Emil Seligmann became a journalist and worked for the Rhein-Nahe-Verlag publishing house in Bingen until 1935. He did military service in 1940/41. Both his parents died in 1942 and after their death he and his sister lived from renting out three rooms in their Wiesbaden flat. In May 1944, they had to vacate the flat on the orders of the Gestapo. Emil Seligmann was arrested at his workplace at the Fauth oil mill in Wiesbaden on 4 May 1944. On 21 August 1944, the Frankfurt Gestapo sent him to Buchenwald concentration camp as a "political half-breed of the first degree". He died on 14 February 1945 in the Langenstein-Zwieberge subcamp of the Buchenwald concentration camp.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 21.06.1920
end of employment: 28.02.1921
career: 01.04.1917 - 01.04.1919 private bank Emil J. Seligmann, Bingen, apprentice
02.04.1919 - 20.06.1920 private bank Emil J. Seligmann, Bingen, employee
21.06.1920 - 28.02.1921 Deutsche Bank Filiale Koblenz, employee
until 1935 Rhein-Nahe-Verlag, Bingen, journalist
last known address: Wiesbaden, Goethestrasse 5 (now Matthias-Claudius-Strasse)
transport: 21.08.1944 to Buchenwald concentration camp
archival sources: HADB, P08/S0098
links:

https://www.geni.com/people/Emil-Seligmann/6000000185859165851

https://www.am-spiegelgasse.de/offline/wp-content/downloads/erinnerungsblaetter/EB-Seligmann-Emil.pdf

https://brotmanblog.files.wordpress.com/2019/08/christine-seligmann-dox.pdf

Show content of Seligmann, Emil J.

first name(s), surname: Emil J. Seligmann
day of birth: 23.12.1863
birthplace: Mainz
day of death: 09.08.1942
place of death: Wiesbaden
document:
EJSeligmann300 Memo from the Deutsche Bank Mainz branch dated 27 March 1942 regarding enquiries as to whether Emil J. Seligmann was still living in Wiesbaden or had been deported. (HADB, P01/0188)
life: Emil Jacob Seligmann was the son of Siegfried (1824-1895), a merchant in Mainz, and Carolina Seligmann (1833-1875). The marriage produced five children.
In 1897 Emil, who had worked for a bank in England for a long time, came to Bingen to join his cousin Isidor Gross (1873-1950) as co-owner of the banking business Ferd. Se(e)ligmann Nachf. whose main owner was their uncle Ferdinand Seligmann (1836-1906).
Emil J. Seligmann and Isidor Gross got along well in business in the first few years and also socialized a lot in private life.
At the weekend Emil drove to Erbach in the Rheingau, where his estranged wife and two children, Emil (1901-1945) and Christine (1903-1982), lived. His uncle Ferdinand did not agree to a marriage with a bride from proletarian circles and threatened to disinherit him. Ferdinand Seligmann died on 21 November 1906 after a long, serious illness. On 10 February 1907, Emil married the non-Jewish Anna Maria Angelika Illian (born 23 April 1877, died 31 January 1942).
Since Ferdinand Seligmann did not include Isidor Gross in his will, he left the company and founded the bank J. Gross & Co. in Bingen in 1907. From then on, Emil J. Seligmann continued the Seligmann company under his own name. On 1 May 1920, the private bank Emil J. Seligmann was taken over by Deutsche Bank and continued as its Bingen branch, but was closed due to lack of profitability on 30 April 1926. Emil, who had managed the branch as director, received a salary until the end of 1926 and was retired at the beginning of 1927.
In the summer of 1928, Emil J. Seligmann and his wife moved their residence from Bingen to Wiesbaden at Goethestrasse 5. After the National Socialists came to power, Seligmann was protected from direct persecution by his non-Jewish wife. He died on 9 August 1942 in his own apartment. His wife had died six months earlier. In 1943, the bank granted his daughter Christine a grant of 500 Reichsmarks. His son Emil was deported to the Buchenwald concentration camp in the summer of 1944, where he died on 14 February 1945.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.07.1897
end of employment: 01.01.1927
career: Before 1897 in the banking business in England
01.07.1897 - 30.06.1907 private bank Ferd. Se(e)ligmann Nachf., Bingen, co-owner together with his cousin Isidor Gross
01.07.1907 - 30.04.1920 privat bank Emil J. Seligmann, Bingen, owner
01.05.1920 - 30.04.1926 Deutsche Bank Bingen branch, director
last known address: Wiesbaden, Goethestrasse 5 (now Matthias-Claudius-Strasse)
literature: Mathilde Mayer, Die alte und neue Welt. Erinnerungen meines Lebens (= Arbeitskreis jüdisches Bingen Bd. 6), 3. Aufl., Bingen 2018.
archival sources: HADB, P01/0188; HADB, P03/S1409
links:

https://www.juedisches-bingen.de/arbeitskreis/publikationen/buecher.html

https://www.geni.com/people/Emil-Seligmann/6000000103856886868

https://digitalcollections.its-arolsen.org/01020401/name/pageview/752883/567260

Show content of Simon, Emil

first name(s), surname: Emil Simon
day of birth: 09.03.1856
birthplace: Friedberg (Hesse)
day of death: 29.03.1934
place of death: Frankfurt am Main
photo / document:
SimonFotox300 Emil Simon around 1920
SimonDok2x300 Letter of condolence from the Frankfurt am Main branch to Gertrud Simon dated March 29, 1934 (HADB, P3/S69)
life:

Emil Simon was born in Friedberg on March 9, 1856. In 1871, he began an apprenticeship at the Frankfurt private bank Marcus Königswarter, which took him on as an employee after he completed his apprenticeship. When the private bank went into liquidation in 1878, he joined Frankfurter Bankverein. When Frankfurter Bankverein was absorbed into the Frankfurt branch of Deutsche Bank, which had been newly founded in 1886, Simon rose to become its stock exchange representative and head of the stock exchange department, followed by his appointment to a holder of power of attorney in 1890. In 1895, he married Gertrud Epstein (born in London in 1873). The marriage produced two children Siegfried (later Frederick) Hermann Simon (b.1899) and Hermann Ernst Simon (b.1900). In 1911, Emil Simon was appointed deputy director of the Frankfurt branch of Deutsche Bank. He retired at the beginning of 1925.
He did not have to experience personal persecution by the Nazi regime, since he died in spring 1934. His wife Gertrud emigrated to Great Britain in November 1935. She passed away in London on September 19, 1943. Their two sons also managed to escape from Germany. Frederick, like his mother, went to Great Britain, where he died in Merstham on November 23, 1984. Hermann emigrated to the United States in 1937, served in the U.S. Armed Forces, and settled as a lawyer in New York, where he died on August 14, 1990.
joined Deutsche Bank: 01.08.1878 (Frankfurter Bankverein)
end of employment: 01.01.1925
career: 1871 private bank Marcus Königswarter, Frankfurt am Main (apprenticeship and empolyee)
01.08.1878 Frankfurter Bankverein (employee)
01.10.1886 Deutsche Bank Filiale Frankfurt am Main (stock exchange representative and head of the stock exchange department)
19.12.1890 Deutsche Bank Filiale Frankfurt am Main (attorney)
21.12.1911 Deutsche Bank Filiale Frankfurt am Main (deputy director)
Oktober 1924 Deutsche Treuhand A.G. für Warenverkehr, Berlin (trustee)
01.01.1925 retirement
last known address: Finkenhofstraße 40, Frankfurt am Main
archival source: HADB, P3/S1435, P3/S69
link:

https://www.geni.com/people/Emil-Simon/6000000176905082929

Show content of Solmssen, Georg

first name(s), surname: Georg Solmssen
day of birth: 07.08.1869
birthplace: Berlin
day of death: 10.01.1957
place of death: Lugano
photo / document:
Solmssen_Georg_Fotografie um 1920_Breite 300_dotCMS Georg Solmssen around 1920
Solmssen_Georg_Schreiben Urbig_erste-Seite_Breite 300_dotCMS In a letter to the Chairman of the Supervisory Board Franz Urbig on April 1933, Solmssen expressed himself prophetically on the coming fate of the economic elite with Jewish origins: "I fear we are only at the beginning of a conscious and planned development which is aimed at the indiscriminate economic and moral destruction of all members of the Jewish race living in Germany." 
(HADB, P01/0014)
life:  detailed biography
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): August 1900 (Disconto-Gesellschaft)
end of employment: End of May 1934 as Member of the Management Board, August 1938 as Member of the Supervisory Board
career: 1904 - 1911 Director Disconto-Gesellschaft
1911 - 1929 Joint Proprietor Disconto-Gesellschaft
1929 - 1934 Member of the Management Board of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft
1933 Spokesman of the Management Board of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft
1934 - 1937 Member of the Supervisory Board of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft
1937 - 1938 Member of the Supervisory Board of Deutsche Bank
last known address in Germany: Berlin, Alsenstraße 9
emigrated: 1938 to Switzerland
archival sources: HADB, P01/0014
literature: Harold James / Martin L. Müller (Hrsg.), Ein deutscher Bankier. Briefe aus einem halben Jahrhundert 1900-1956, München 2012
links: https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/gnd117462497.html

Show content of Sontheimer, Felix

first name(s), surname: Felix Sali Sontheimer
day of birth: 28.02.1877
birthplace: Stuttgart
day of death: 02.03.1943
place of death: Terezín (Theresienstadt)
photo / document:
Sontheimer300 Felix Sontheimer in 1912
Sontheimerdoc300 Letter from Felix Sontheimer to Deutsche Bank and Disconto-Gesellschaft Stuttgart branch, dated 27 September 1934: " In addition, in view of the changes in state and economy, all contracts which I had concluded with associations and companies were terminated over time.
(HADB, P07/S0042)
life:

Felix Sontheimer's ancestors were already involved in banking in his hometown of Stuttgart. His uncle Gottlieb Sontheimer (1831-1897) had founded a private bank under his own name in 1856, was a member of the board of the Stuttgart stock exchange association and as well as of of the Israelite community council for several decades. In 1892, after attending the Realgymnasium, Felix Sontheimer, began an apprenticeship in the  private bank Noerdlinger & Co. in Stuttgart. Subsequently, he worked for Bank für Handel und Industrie in Berlin. In 1896, he took up a position  at the Paris branch of A. Goerz & Co. Ltd., a holding and financing company for South African mining and industrial interests. At times, he also worked for this company in London. In 1906, he returned to Germany and joined the Württembergische Vereinsbank in Stuttgart, where he was given power of attorney in 1910. In 1919, he was promoted to deputy director, a position he retained even after the regional bank was taken over by Deutsche Bank at the end of 1924. In the wake of the world economic and banking crisis, Sontheimer took early retirement at the beginning of 1932. He set up an economic consultancy, which soon came to a standstill due to the increasing discrimination of his Jewish origin after 1933. Other attempts at professional reorientation also failed.
In 1918 Felix Sontheimer married the singer Rosy (Roosje), née Prins, from the Netherlands (20 August  1887 - 13 November 1935). The marriage produced sons Fritz (Fred) Albert (13 February 1920 - 10 September 2005 Terre Haute, Indiana) and the twins Heinz (Henry) Robert (25 September 1924 - 17 June 2006 Leicester, UK) and Paul Felix (25 September 1924 - 16 November 1997 Toronto, Canada).
On 22 August 1942, Felix Sontheimer was deported to Terezín (Theresienstadt), where he died on 2 March 1943.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.12.1906 (Württembergische Vereinsbank)
end of employment: 01.01.1932
career: 01.08.1892 - 06.05.1895 Noerdlinger & Co., Stuttgart (apprenticeship, employee)
13.05.1895 - 23.09.1896 Bank für Handel und Industrie, Berlin
01.10.1897 - 23.11.1906 A. Goerz & Co. Ltd., Paris branch (1902/03 London branch)
01.12.1906 - 18.12.1924 Württembergische Vereinsbank, Stuttgart (holder of power of attorney, deputy director)
18.12.1924 - 29.10.1929 Deutsche Bank Stuttgart branch (deputy director)
29.10.1929 - 01.01.1932 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Stuttgart branch (deputy director)
last known address: Azenbergstrasse 57, Stuttgart
transports: 22./23.08.1942 ,Transport XIII/1, no. 297 from Stuttgart to Terezín (Theresienstadt)
archival sources: HADB, P07/S0042
literature: Maria Zelzer, Weg und Schicksal der Stuttgarter Juden, Stuttgart 1964
links:

https://www.holocaust.cz/en/database-of-victims/victim/33222-felix-sontheimer/

https://www.geni.com/people/Felix-Sontheimer/6000000020091801882

https://de.findagrave.com/memorial/113168714/rosy-sontheimer

https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/en972202

https://www.alemannia-judaica.de/stuttgart_personen.htm#Zum_100._Geburtstag_von_Gottlieb_Sontheimer_(geb._1831_in_Weikersheim,_gest._1897_in_Stuttgart)

Show content of Steckelmacher, Fritz

first name(s), surname: Fritz Steckelmacher (Frederick Stokes)
day of birth: 25.05.1885
birthplace: Mannheim
day of death: 30.12.1987
place of death: London
photo / document:
Steckelmacher-Fritz--Schreiben intern--300 Letter from the personnel department of the Berlin head office to the management of the Frankfurt branch. The "Betriebsführer" (operating manager) and the "Vertrauensrat" (Council of Confidence) of the Wiesbaden branch had previously approached the management in Frankfurt with the demand that the authorised signatory Fritz Steckelmacher be transferred or retired because of his Jewish origin. The personnel department of the Berlin head office reluctantly gave into the pressure and prematurely retired Steckelmacher in July 1935. (HADB, P03/S1443)
life: Born in 1885 as the son of the Mannheim city rabbi Dr. phil. Moritz (Moshe) Steckelmacher, who came from Boskovice in the Czech Republic, Fritz Steckelmacher graduated from high school in 1901 and then began his professional career with an apprenticeship at the Weil & Benjamin bank in Mannheim. From 1906 he worked for stockbrokers in London and Paris. From February 1915 he did military service. In 1919, Steckelmacher initially returned to Mannheim to the Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft for a few months before moving to the E. Ladenburg banking business in Frankfurt as a stockbroker and authorised signatory. After the business of E. Ladenburg was liquidated during the merger of Deutsche Bank, Steckelmacher was a stock exchange representative and authorised signatory of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft in Frankfurt and took over the position of authorised signatory at the Wiesbaden branch in October 1931. As early as September 1933, the "Betriebsführer" (manager) of the Wiesbaden branch took a stand against Steckelmacher with reference to his Jewish origins. Together with the so-called Council of Confidence ("Vertrauensrat"), he finally secured the retirement of Steckelmacher on 1 July 1935. In 1939, Steckelmacher emigrated to London with his wife. He had held British citizenship since 1911 and changed his name to Frederick Stokes. Pension payments to him were stopped in 1941. In the 1950s, Frederick Stokes worked as an accountant for a London wine merchant. His brother Ernst, district rabbi in Mannheim, was murdered in the Lublin-Majdanek concentration camp, his brother Siegfried, a neurologist, emigrated to Israel. Frederick Stokes died in London at the age of 102.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.05.1919 (E. Ladenburg)
end of employment: 01.07.1935
career: 01.09.1901 - 31.12.1905 Weil & Benjamin, Mannheim (apprenticeship, employee)
01.01.1906 - 01.08.1908 Bierer & Co., London (correspondent)
01.08.1908 - 01.09.1911 Paul & Schweder (arbitration with Paris and Berlin)
01.10.1911 - 31.07.1914 Albert Guggenheim (arbitration with London and Holland)
1919 - 30.04.1919 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft AG, Mannheim
01.05.1919 - 30.11.1929 E. Ladenburg, Frankfurt (exchange agent, attorney) (1930 takeover of Deutsche Bank)
01.12.1929 - 04.10.1931 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Frankfurt branch (exchange agent, attorney)
05.10.1931 - 30.06.1935 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Wiesbaden branch (attorney)
1950s accountant in a London wine business
last known address: Wiesbaden, Rheinstraße 98
emigration: 1939 to London
archival sources: HADB, P85/S0129/1; HADB, P03/S1443; HADB, P33/St0007

Show content of Steinberg, Philipp Robert

first name(s), surname: Philipp Robert Steinberg
day of birth: 30.09.1869
birthplace: Hildesheim
day of death: 05.02.1953
place of death: unknown
document:
SteinbergD300 Letter from Robert Philipp Steinberg to Deutsche Bank Bielefeld branch dated 14 December 1938, in which he discloses his "status as a Jew". This notification usually initiated the state's seizure of Jewish bank clients' assets. (HADB, HADB, F063/0069)

life: Philipp Robert Steinberg was from Hildesheim. Nothing is known about his family background. After studying law, he married Paula, née Paderstein (5 September 1876 in Bielefeld - 28 December 1938 in Bielefeld), daughter of the Jewish Bielefeld private banker Hermann Paderstein (1841-1921) and his wife Franziska Adolphina, née Cosman (1845-1921). The couple had two children: Robert Gerhard Steinberg (9 May 1901 in Bielefeld - 24 October 1994 in Chiavari) and Lieselotte Steinberg (born 13 May 1903 in Bielefeld).
Around the time of his marriage, Steinberg joined his father-in-law's private bank, Hermann Paderstein, which had been established in 1863. Hermann Paderstein's son Ernst (20 March 1873 - 7 October 1942 in Theresienstadt) was also a co-owner. In 1920, the partners converted the Paderstein bank from a general partnership into a limited partnership. In addition to the three family members, Deutsche Bank joined the company as a limited partner. Hermann Paderstein died the following year. In 1924, Deutsche Bank decided to acquire Paderstein completely and merged it with its Bielefeld branch. The transfer took effect on 1 January 1925, and Philipp Robert Steinberg, one of the two limited partners, joined the management of Deutsche Bank's Bielefeld branch. He remained in branch management for five years. In early July 1930, shortly after the merger between Deutsche Bank and Disconto-Gesellschaft, he retired. He received a transitional payment of 15,000 Reichsmark and an annual pension of 12,000 Reichsmark, which was reduced to 10,350 Reichsmark in 1932 - a consequence of the banking crisis of 1931, which led to general wage and pension cuts. Pension payments continued until July 1939. The cessation was preceded by an agreement with Deutsche Bank in which the pension contract was cancelled in exchange for a payment of 18,000 Reichsmark. Apparently, Steinberg had decided to emigrate after the death of his wife at the end of 1938. He fled to the Netherlands, where, after the German occupation, he and his son were imprisoned in the Westerbork camp. Both survived the imprisonment. In 1950, the bank resumed pension payments. During this time, Philipp Robert Steinberg lived in Plombières-lès-Dijon in France. He died in 1953.
joined Deutsche Bank: 01.01.1925
end of employment: 01.07.1930
career:

from the 1890s - 31.12.1924 private bank Hermann Paderstein (partner)
01.01.1925 - 29.10.1929 Deutsche Bank Bielefeld branch (director)
29.10.1929 - 01.07.1930 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Bielefeld branch (director)
last known address: Bielefeld, Wertherstrasse 15
emigration: to the Netherlands probably in 1939
archival sources: HADB, F063/0069; HADB, ZA40/0322
literature: Harald Wixforth, Der Bankier für Bielefeld - Hermann Paderstein und das Bankhaus Paderstein in Bielefeld, in: 94. Jahresbericht des Historischen Vereins für die Grafschaft Ravensberg, 2009, pp. 205-220.
links:

https://www.stadtarchiv-bielefeld.de/Portals/0/PDFs/LgB%20digital/JBHV/94JBHV2009.pdf

https://www.geni.com/people/Philipp-Steinberg/6000000106695615936

https://collecties.kampwesterbork.nl/persoon/10703427

https://spurensuche-bielefeld.de/spur/judenhaus-in-der-werther-strasse/

Show content of Steinthal, Max

first name(s), surname: Max Steinthal
day of birth: 24.12.1850
birthplace: Berlin
day of death: 08.12.1940
place of death: Berlin
photo / document:
Steinthal, Max_300 Max Steinthal around 1925
Steinthal, Max_Gruppenbild_300 Group photo on occasion of Max Steinthal's 80th birthday in his private Berlin home in December 1930. Steinthal is seated with the ladies in the centre, next to him on the right his wife Fanny. Behind him several Board and Supervisory Board Members of Deutsche Bank and Disconto-Gesellschaft, among them his Jewish colleagues Theodor Frank (4th left), Oscar Wassermann (7th left), Georg Solmssen (2nd right).
life: detailed biography
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 13.12.1873
end of employment: 01.05.1935
career: 1866-1871 Bankhaus A. Paderstein 
1872-1873 A. Paderstein'scher Bankverein (Director)
1873-1905 Member of the Deutsche Bank Management Board
1905-1923 Member of the Deutsche Bank Supervisory Board
1923-1932 Chairman of the Deutsche Bank Supervisory Board
1932-1935 Member of the Deutsche Bank Supervisory Board
last known address: Berlin, Budapester Straße, Hotel Eden 
archival sources: HADB, SG01/079
literature: Max Fuchs: Max Steinthal zu seinem achtzigsten Geburtstag am 24. Dezember 1930 (commemorative publication). Berlin 1930.
Paul Wittig: Max Steinthal – Sein Wirken für die Berliner Hoch- und Untergrundbahnen, in: Die Fahrt – Zeitschrift der Berliner Verkehrs-Aktiengesellschaft, 3. Vol, No. 3, Berlin 1931, pp. 45-48.
Erich Achterberg: Berliner Hochfinanz – Kaiser, Fürsten, Millionäre um 1900. Fritz Knapp Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1965. Biography Steinthal pp. 28-33.
Max Steinthal: Ein Bankier und seine Bilder. Berlin 2004.
links:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Steinthal

https://objekte.jmberlin.de/object/jmb-obj-173705/Stammbaum+der+Familie+Steinthal+%281720-1935%29

Show content of Steinthal, Werner

first name(s), surname: Werner Steinthal
day of birth: 15.01.1894
birthplace: Berlin
day of death: 17.10.1972
place of death: La Ciotat, Bouches-du-Rhone, France
document:
SteinthalWDoc300 Letter from Werner Steinthal to Deutsche Bank Berlin dated 26 March 1958, requesting reinstatement.
(HADB, P02/S1316)

life: Werner Steinthal was the fourth of seven children born to Deutsche Bank Management Board member Max Steinthal and his wife Fanny née Lindenthal (13.1.1866 - 5.10.1941). He grew up in the villa at Uhlandstrasse 191 in Berlin-Charlottenburg, which the family moved into in 1894. Nothing is known about his schooling. During the First World War he served in the artillery and was seriously wounded. In April 1927 Werner Steinthal joined the Berlin head office of Deutsche Bank. Two years later he was given power of attorney. From the early 1930s at the latest he worked in the so-called Information Office II, which was responsible for securities traded abroad. The attempt, supported by his father, to be transferred to a business department was unsuccessful. Under the impression of ever more severe measures against Jews, Werner Steinthal left Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft in September 1936 and emigrated to the United Kingdom in the same year. His parents paid the Reich Flight Tax. Their own emigration failed. Both died in Berlin in 1940 and 1941 respectively. Werner Steinthal lived in northwest London and worked for Enganor Finance Ltd. in London until 1958. He then tried to get reinstated at Deutsche Bank, but was turned down due to his age of 64. He died in 1972 in La Ciotat in the south of France.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.04.1927
end of employment: 15.09.1936
career:

01.04.1927 - 29.10.1929 Deutsche Bank Berlin head office (from 06.03.1929 holder of power of attorney)
29.10.1929 - 15.09.1936 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Berlin head office, Information Office (holder of power of attorney)
last known address: Berlin-Charlottenburg, Uhlandstrasse 191
emigration: by the end of 1936 to the United Kingdom
literature: Max Steinthal. Ein Bankier und seine Bilder. Berlin 2004.
archival sources: HADB, P02/S1316; ZA47/0054
links:

https://www.geni.com/people/Jakob-Steinthal/6000000016169418762

Show content of Strauss, Berthold

first name(s), surname: Berthold Strauss
day of birth: 04.11.1888
birthplace: Grombach (Baden)
day of death: declared dead
place of death: Auschwitz
photo/document:
StraussBF300 Berthold Strauss when he joined Rheinsche Creditbank in 1921
StraussBD300 Letter from the Region Tax Authorities of Baden to Berthold Strauss dated 1 July 1940, informing him that he may withdraw 200 Reichsmark per month from his blocked security account.
(HADB, F028/0054)
life:

Berthold Strauss came from a village in the Kraichgau region. His parents were Gustav Efraim Strauss (22 December 1862 - 6 July 1913) and Sophie, née Blumenfeld (15 May 1859 - 5 September 1935). Very little is known about his education and career. He remained unmarried. In September 1921, he joined Rheinische Creditbank in Mannheim. When Deutsche Bank merged with Disconto-Gesellschaft in October 1929, Rheinische Creditbank was also absorbed into the combined institution. The successor to Rheinische Creditbank was the new Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft branch in Mannheim, where Berthold Strauss continued to work. In early September 1937, he was prematurely retired due to his Jewish origin. He received a transitional allowance of 900 Reichsmark and a monthly pension of 145.83 Reichsmark, which was paid until October 1940. At the instruction of the tax authorities, he was allowed to dispose of 200 Reichsmark monthly from his blocked account at the Mannheim branch of Deutsche Bank.
After the pogrom on 9 November 1938, he was deported to the Dachau concentration camp, where he remained imprisoned until 23 December 1938. On October 22, 1940, the Baden and Saar-Palatinate Jews - including Berthold Strauss - were deported to the Gurs internment camp in southwestern France. He was probably transferred to the Drancy assembly camp near Paris in 1942 and from there deported to Auschwitz on 12 August 1942, where he was murdered.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.09.1921 (Rheinische Creditbank, Mannheim)
end of employment: 01.09.1937
career: 01.09.1921 - 29.10.1929 Rheinische Creditbank, Mannheim
29.10.1929 - 01.09.1937 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Mannheim branch
last known address: Mannheim, L10 6 (at Wagner's); from 1939: U4 13 (at Hecht's); from 1940: S6 11 (at Beer's)
transports: 11.11.1938 - 23.12.1938 Dachau
22.10.1940 Gurs
before 12.8.1942 Drancy
12.08.1942 Auschwitz
archival sources: HADB, F028/0054; HADB, F028/0689; HADB, K04/025
links:

https://www.mahnmal-neckarzimmern.de/gedenkbuch/strauss-berthold

https://www.bundesarchiv.de/gedenkbuch/de978606

https://collections.yadvashem.org/de/names/11643275

https://www.geni.com/people/Berthold-Strauss/6000000209635074866

Show content of Strauss, Else

first name(s), surname: Else Strauss
day of birth: 30.07.1896
birthplace: Offenbach am Main
day of death: 29.01.1943
place of death: Theresienstadt ghetto
document:
Strauss. Else, Schreiben 20-7-1940_Breite 300_dotCMS Letter from Else Strauss to the management of Deutsche Bank Frankfurt branch dated 18 July 1940 on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of her joining.
life: Else Strauss was the daughter of the Frankfurt merchant Siegfried Strauss and his wife Flora, née Liffmann. After attending the Lyceum and the commercial school, she worked for the Frankfurt cigar agent Julius Goetz from mid-1914 to mid-1915. At the beginning of August 1915, she joined Deutsche Bank Frankfurt branch. At that time, many men called up for military service were replaced by women with commercial qualifications. She was last employed in the bills of exchange department. Due to a severe illness (multiple sclerosis) she was retired in 1938. Her health continued to deteriorate. Else Strauss remained single. She died at the beginning of 1943 in the ghetto of Theresienstadt, where she had been deported in August 1942.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 02.08.1915
end of employment: 01.04.1938
career: 1914 - 1915 Julius Goetz, cigar agent, Frankfurt 
1915 - 1938 Deutsche Bank Frankfurt branch (lastly as scale-wage employee in the exchange department)
last known address: Frankfurt am Main, Marienbaderstraße 27 (before 1935 and after 1945 Karl-Flesch-Straße),  "Stolperstein" (literally “stumbling stone or block”, metal cobblestone commemorating an individual victim of Nazism) laid in September 2021 on the initiative of Deutsche Bank
transports: 19.08.1942 from Frankfurt to Theresienstadt (XII/I) 
archival sources: HADB, P03/S1140
links:

https://www.holocaust.cz/en/database-of-victims/victim/34450-else-strauss/

https://www.ushmm.org/online/hsv/person_view.php?PersonId=1497270<

 https://yvng.yadvashem.org/nameDetails.html?language=en&itemId=11643353&ind=1

Show content of Trier, Alfred

first name(s), surname: Alfred Trier
day of birth: 30.03.1888
birthplace: Frankfurt am Main
date of death: April 1996
place of death: New York
photo / document:
TrierFotox300 In 1988, a Deutsche Bank representative congratulated Alfred Trier (centre) on the occasion of his 100th birthday in New York. On the right his wife Adele
TrierDokx300 In August 1941, Alfred Trier had to provide a certificate of existence from his New York exile, in order to maintain pension payments from Germany. Since the German consulate had ceased its activities at that time, he commissioned a New York notary to do so. (HADB, P03/T0001)
life:

After school, Alfred Trier joined the Frankfurt private bank E. Ladenburg as an apprentice in 1903. Following his apprenticeship, he was permanently employed there and worked mainly in stock exchange trading. In late 1929, E. Ladenburg was taken over by Deutsche Bank. Due to general rationalization measures, but also for health reasons, Trier took early retirement at the age of only 42. In the meantime he had risen to the position of holder of a power of attorney (Prokurist). In February 1939, he emigrated to New York with his wife Adele, née Abraham, and his son Paul (from his first marriage). With the entry of the United States into the Second World War in December 1941, the pension payments of Deutsche Bank ended. They were resumed after 1945. Despite his challenged physical constitution, Alfred Trier reached an exceptionally old age of 108. On his 100th birthday in 1988, a delegation from Deutsche Bank visited him in New York.
joined Deutsche Bank: 01.10.1903 (E. Ladenburg)
end of employment: 31.12.1930
career: 01.10.1903 - 30.11.1929 E. Ladenburg, Frankfurt (apprenticeship, employess, attorney, stock exchange trading)
01.12.1929 - 31.12.1930 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Frankfurt branch (chief clerk)
last known address: Textorstraße 17, Frankfurt am Main
emigration: February 1939 to the United States
archival source: HADB, P03/T0001
literature: Die Deutsche Bank in Frankfurt am Main , 2005, p. 96
link: https://de.findagrave.com/memorial/81032481/alfred-trier

Show content of Wassermann, Oscar

first name(s), surname: Oscar Wassermann
day of birth: 04.04.1869
birthplace: Bamberg
day of death: 08.09.1934
place of death: Garmisch
photo / document:
Wassermann_Oscar_painting_300 undated painting of Oscar Wassermann by Raffael Schuster Woldan
Wassermann_Oscar_letter_300 Oscar Wassermann's farewell address on the occasion of his official retirement in December 1933, printed as facsimile in Deutsche Bank’s staff magazine 'Monatshefte der Deutschen Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft': "It was no longer possible for me to lead the bank back to its former strength and greatness through the turmoil of the past and the difficulties of the present."
life: detailed biography
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.04.1912
end of employment: 31.12.1933
career:

1889 - 1912 Bankhaus A.E. Wassermann Bamberg, Berlin branch
1912 - 1933 Deutsche Bank (Member of the Management Board, since 1923 Speaker of the Management Board)
last known address in Germany: Berlin, Rauchstraße 14 
archival source: HADB, SG01/084
literature: Avraham Barkai, Oscar Wassermann und die Deutsche Bank - Bankier in schwieriger Zeit, München 2005
link:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oscar_Wassermann

Show content of Weil, Ludwig

first name(s), surname: Ludwig Weil
day of birth: 21.05.1884
birthplace: Oppau near Ludwigshafen
day of death: 23.10.1956
place of death: Westwood, New Jersey, United States
photo / document:
WeilLudwig300 Ludwig Weil around 1926
WeilLudwigdoc Letter from Deutsche Bank and Disconto-Gesellschaft dated 07 February 1934 to Ludwig Weil regarding his resignation for "racial" reasons, which was disguised as early retirement.
(HADB, P60/W0039)
life:

Weil was born in 1884 in Oppau, a district of Ludwigshafen, as the son of the Abraham Weil who was a tax officer and honorary citizen of the community of Leimersheim. In Ludwigshafen he attended elementary school and secondary school. He then completed a banking apprenticeship at W. H. Ladenburg & Söhne in Mannheim, which was founded in 1785. He was subsequently taken on as an employee. In 1905, this private bank was merged with Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft. Weil remained at its Mannheim head office until 1918, ultimately with the rank of a holder of power of attorney. From March 1916 until the end of the war in November 1918, he did military service as medical sergeant. He then became director of the Kehl branch of Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft for a short time, but returned to Mannheim in 1919 to prepare for the upcoming position as the director of Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft Kaiserslautern branch. After the incorporation of Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft into the new Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft in October 1929, Weil remained director of the Kaiserslautern branch until summer 1930.
With the support of board member Theodor Frank, Weil was promoted to director of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Munich branch on 1 August 1930. As director of the Munich branch, he was a member of the supervisory boards of BMW and Krauss-Maffei. At this prominent point, Weil came early into the attention of the National Socialist rulers because of his Jewish descent. When he was only 50 years old, he agreed with the bank on early retirement from 1 July 1934. In addition, he received a one-off allowance and a child-raising allowance for his son Erich (born 23 November 1919, died 26 March 2000) until he turns 21. Pension payments were stopped on 1 December 1941 and resumed in 1950.
Since 24 February 1919 Weil has been in a second marriage to Grete née August (born 20 March 1884, died 20 June 1978). His first marriage was with Emmy née Fischel (born 24 September 1887, died 2 February 1929) on 9 August 1908. Their son Alfred was born on 21 June 1909. Ludwig Weil's sister Marie was married to Max Loeb in 1903, who, like him, pursued a career at W. H. Ladenburg & Söhne, Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft and Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft. Ludwig, Grete and Erich Weil emigrated to the United States in 1935. They initially lived in New York and later in Westwood, New Jersey.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.12.1900 (W. H. Ladenburg & Söhne, Mannheim)
end of employment: 30.06.1934
career: 01.12.1900 – 01.12.1902 W. H. Ladenburg & Söhne, Mannheim (apprenticeship)
01.12.1902 – 1905 W. H. Ladenburg & Söhne, Mannheim (employee)
1905 – 15.11.1918 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft, Mannheim (employee; later assistant manager; 01.01.1914 holder of power of attorney)
15.11.1918 – 01.04.1919 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft Kehl branch (director)
01.04.1919 - June 1919 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft, Mannheim
June 1919 – 29.10.1929 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft Kaiserslautern branch (director)
29.10.1929 - 31.07.1930 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Kaiserslautern branch (director)
01.08.1930 - 30.06.1934 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft München branch (director)
last known address: Äussere Prinzregentenstrasse 21, Munich
emigration: 1935 to the United States
archival sources: HADB, P06/W0039; P33/W0001
links:

https://www.geni.com/people/Ludwig-Weil/6000000035245119379

https://www.alemannia-judaica.de/images/Images%20438/Leimersheim%20Rheinpfalz%2020200131.jpg

Show content of Weil, Siegfried

first name(s), surname: Siegfried Weil
day of birth: 22.06.1882
birthplace: Schweinfurt
day of death: unknown
place of death: Riga
document:
WeilSD300 Statement of the accounts department for employees (Beamtenabteilung) of Deutsche Bank Berlin dated 15 August 1949, in which the transfers of account balances and securities of Siegfried Weil to government agencies during the Nazi era were listed in detail.
(HADB, DB(alt)/0963)
life: Siegfried Weil came from Schweinfurt in Bavaria. His parents were Ignatz Weil (21 April 1850 - 26 March 1908) and Fanni née Ehmann (15 February 1859 - 28 September 1919). Nothing is known about his schooling and training. He is first documented as a holder of power of attorney at the Berlin head office of Disconto-Gesellschaft in 1924. After the merger of Disconto-Gesellschaft with Deutsche Bank in October 1929, Weil was appointed head of correspondence in the foreign exchange department with the rank of a holder of power of attorney. Due to his Jewish origins, he was probably given early retirement in 1936.
Weil, who was unmarried and childless, lived at Schwarzburgallee 6 in Berlin-Charlottenburg from 1930, which was renamed Olympische Straße in 1936. In 1937 he began to make preparations for emigration. He applied for a passport and had to pledge some of his securities to the Charlottenburg-West tax office as security for a possible future Reich flight tax. Following the November pogrom of 1938, he was arrested by the Gestapo and taken to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. He was released at the end of December. He gradually lost his considerable securities holdings to the state. For each of the five instalments of the Jewish property tax, he was forced to hand over securities. In December 1941, he received an eight-page form on which he had to list all the furnishings in his apartment. On 19 Janauary 1942, Siegfried Weil was deported to Riga along with around 1,000 Berlin Jews and was presumably shot there. Due to the 11th Regulation to the Reich Citizenship Law, his assets were forfeited to the German Reich. His household goods that he had left behind were sold, and his pension and his remaining bank balance were confiscated by the Assets Realization Office at the Chief Finance President of Berlin-Brandenburg for the benefit of the state. Although his remaining securities were blocked for the Reich, they were not confiscated until the end of the war and remained with the bank. Since Siegfried Weil had no descendants, the Jewish Restitution Successor Organization (IRSO) claimed the remaining securities and the dividends that had since been paid out in the post-war period. At the end of 1958, the Berlin Restitution Offices decided that the equivalent value of the securities and dividends, amounting to 6,687.58 DM, was to be paid to the Allgemeine Treuhand-Organisation, which had been authorized by the IRSO.
joined Deutsche Bank: unknown
end of employment: around 1936
career:

1924 - October 1929 Disconto-Gesellschaft Berlin head office (holder of power of attorney)
October 1929 - about 1936 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Berlin head office, foreign exchange department (holder of power of attorney, head of correspondence)
last known address: Berlin-Charlottenburg, Olympische Strasse 14 (until 1936 Schwarzburgallee 6)
transport: 9th transport from Berlin to Riga on 19.01.1942
archival sources: HADB, B377; HADB, DB(alt)/0963; Brandenburgisches Landeshauptarchiv, Potsdam, 36A (II) 39220
literature: Berliner Gedenkbuch der jüdischen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus, Berlin 1995, p. 1322.
links:

https://blha-digi.brandenburg.de/rest/dfg/jJuglRCfmRRIjPUK

https://www.berlin.de/sen/finanzen/ueber-uns/architektur-geschichte/artikel.5186.php

https://www.geni.com/people/Siegfried-Weil/6000000002281774782

Show content of Wolff, Hans

first name(s), surname: Hans Wolff
day of birth: 05.04.1911
birthplace: Freiburg (Breisgau)
date of death: 30.07.1986
place of death: England
photo / document:
HansWolffphotox300 Hans Wolff, 1932
HansWolffdocx300 In a letter dated 7 February 1958, the State Office for Reparation in Freiburg asked the Deutsche Bank in Freiburg for information in order to decide on Hans Wolff's application due to "persecution-related damage to professional advancement". 
(HADB, P25/W26)
life:

Hans Wolff was the son of Willy Wolff, director of the Freiburg branch of Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft.
After attending the secondary school in Freiburg, he transferred to the upper commercial school there in 1928, from which he graduated the following year. He then began his apprenticeship at Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft branch in Freiburg, which he continued at Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft in Freiburg after Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft was merged to this new big bank in October 1929. After completing his apprenticeship, Wolff worked at the branches of Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft in Freiburg, Mannheim and finally in Villingen from mid-1931 to mid-1933. The inflammatory article "Jud Wolff der Sadist von Freiburg", published against him in the anti-Semitic weekly newspaper "Der Stürmer" at the beginning of June 1933, caused him to resign from the bank and leave Germany. He emigrated to the United Kingdom, where he found employment with the British Overseas Bank for a few months before having to leave again due to his limited residence permit. With a student visa, he was able to stay in Switzerland (Lausanne) until 1935. He then found a job with an Italian family friend in Vigevano (Lombardy). In the summer of 1938, he was threatened with extradition from Italy to Germany. He was refused re-entry to Switzerland several times. However, as a passionate skier, he managed to cross the border unobserved near the Matterhorn. A Christian group in Geneva arranged a visa for him to the United Kingdom, which he reached via France in July 1939. In the Second World War, which began shortly afterwards, he served in the British Army. Later on, he worked as a photographer and journalist, initially freelance, later for the BBC.
After 1945, he asserted claims against the German state under the Federal Compensation Act due to the forced departure and the associated "damage to his professional advancement". In 1958, he reached an agreement with Deutsche Bank for a one-time payment in exchange for waiving his right to re-employment. 
He was married to Nancy, née Blackmore (born April 18, 1914) since 1941. The marriage produced a son and a daughter. After 1945, he regularly visited his hometown Freiburg. 
joined Deutsche Bank: 03.04.1929 (Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft)
end of employment: 30.06.1933
career: 03.04.1929 - 31.03.1931 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft, Freiburg branch, in October 1929 merged to Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Freiburg branch (apprenticeship)
31.03.1931 - 30.06.1931 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Freiburg branch (clerk)
30.06.1931 - 01.11.1932 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Mannheim branch (clerk)
01.11.1932 - 30.06.1933 Deutsche Bank Villingen branch (foreign exchange department)
last known address: Niederestraße 17, Villingen. Solperstein (literally “stumbling stone or block”, metal cobblestone commemorating an individual victim of Nazism) laid at his parents' house, Freiburg, Güntertalstraße 61 on 22.11.2023
emigration: 1933 to the UK
archival source: HADB, P25/W26
literature: Andreas Meckel, Der Verlust der Heimat. Die Freiburger Bankiersfamilie Wolff, in: Badische Zeitung, 14.12.2024

Show content of Wolff, Richard

first name(s), surname: Richard Wolff
day of birth: 30.05.1885
birthplace: Ludwigshafen
day of death: 30.03.1959
place of death: London
photo / document:
WolffRFot300E Richard Wolff in December 1932
WolffRDoc300E
 Letter from Wolff dated 23 May 1936 to the management of the Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Manheim branch, in which he gave back his power of attorney. (HADB, P33/W0021)
life: Richard Wolff was born in Ludwigshafen in 1893. His father was the Royal Bavarian Councilor of Commerce and merchant Moritz Wolff (born 28 December 1854, died 29 November 1925) who was also chairman of the Israelite religious community in Ludwigshafen for many years. After attending secondary school in his hometown, Richard Wolff completed an apprenticeship at the coffee import company J. Wolff & Co. in Ludwigshafen, for which he then worked as an employee for a few months. In the spring of 1912 he moved to Hamburg to work in the newly opened branch of Bank für Handel und Industrie. A year and a half later he went to London to gain experience abroad at the British Colonial Import & Export Company. The beginning of the First World War in the summer of 1914 forced him to return to Germany. He found a new job as a correspondent at Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft Mannheim Head Office.
At the beginning of 1919, Wolff was appointed head of the newly opened sub-branch of Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft in Ludwigshafen and later in 1919, when it was converted into the Ludwigshafen branch, he became its director. After  Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft was incorporated into the merged Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft in autumn 1929, Wolff remained director of the Ludwigshafen branch. Because of his Jewish descent, he had to resign from Deutsche Bank in May 1936. He was guaranteed salary up to May 1937 plus a severance payment of one year's salary - all being paid out in one lump sum.
Wolff had been married to Hedwig Rupp (born 3 February 1902 in Stuttgart) since 19 September 1933. The couple had two children, Reinhard (born 17 August 1929) and Frank (born 25 September 1935). In 1936 the family emigrated to London. Wolff died there in 1959.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.10.1914 (Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft)
end of employment: 23.05.1936
career: 01.09.1909 - 01.09.1911 J. Wolff & Co. Großhandel, Ludwigshafen (apprenticeship)
01.09.1911 - 23.03.1912 J. Wolff & Co. Großhandel, Ludwigshafen (employee)
24.03.1912 - 01.10.1913 Bank für Handel und Industrie Hamburg branch (correspondent)
01.10.1913 - 01.08.1914 British Colonial Import & Export Company Ltd., London (correspondent)
01.10.1914 - 31.12.1918 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft, Mannheim (correspondent)
01.01.1919 - 29.10.1929 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft Ludwigshafen branch (director since 30.06.1919)
29.10.1929 - 23.05.1936 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Filiale Ludwigshafen am Rhein (director)
last known adress: Ludwigshafen, Maxstrasse 30
emigration: London, United Kingdom
archival sources: HADB, P02a/W0011; P33/W0009; P33/W00021
links:

https://www.geni.com/people/Richard-Wolff/6000000059011160837

Show content of Wolff, Willy

first name(s), surname: Willy Wolff
day of birth: 23.05.1871
birthplace: Neviges
day of death: 25.01.1964
place of death: Freiburg i. Br.
document:
WolfWillyDok300 Letter from the Freiburg branch to the Hamburg directing office of Deutsche Bank dated 19 March 1947, describing the return of Willy Wolff to Freiburg, the resumption of pension payments and his fate during the National Socialist persecutions.
(HADB, P25/W20)
life: Willy Wolff, son of the merchant Markus Wolff (1833-1928) from Neviges, attended the Realgymnasium in Langenberg, which he left after the 10th grade. In 1886 he began a three-year apprenticeship at Barmer Bankverein in what is now Wuppertal. He remained there as a clerk until 1891. He then moved to the private bank Hermann Isaac in Ruhrort, where he worked as a cashier for five years. From 1896 to 1904 he was employed by the private bank Veit L. Homburger in Karlsruhe as a cashier and holder of power of attorney. After a further short period in Kassel as co-manager at the private bank Gebr. Goldschmidt, where the Mannheim private bank W.H. Ladenburg & Söhne had sent him, he joined the newly founded Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft in Mannheim in 1905, which had emerged from  Ladenburg. In 1906 he became a director of the Freiburg branch of Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft. In 1929, this bank was part of the merger of Deutsche Bank and Disconto-Gesellschaft. Willy Wolff retired at the beginning of 1933.
In 1906 he married Berta Haarburger (1883-1928) from Rotweil. The couple had two children: Margot (10.11.1907 - 07.12.2000) and Hans (05.04.1911). 

The ever-increasing repressions of the Nazi state demanded high payments from him for the "expiation tax" and the "Reichsfluchtsteuer". Wolff emigrated to his married daughter in Arnhem in the Netherlands in the spring of 1939. His remaining assets were confiscated by the Gestapo at the beginning of 1940 and his pension payments were stopped. After the occupation of the Netherlands by German troops, he again fell under the National Socialist Jewish laws. In November 1942 he came to the Westerbork collection camp, were the family of his daugther was already imprisoned since January 1942, and remained until the end of the war. On 18 January 1944 he was deported from Westerbork to Theresienstadt, where he was liberated by Soviet troops in May 1945. After brief stays in England and Switzerland, Wolff returned to Freiburg in March 1947, where he spent his retirement and remained in friendly contact with his successors at the Freiburg branch. Pension payments were resumed and he received compensation for lost benefits. In the late 1950s, restitution was made for his loss of assets. Wolff died in 1964 at the age of 92.
joined Deutsche Bank (or precursor): 01.06.1905 (Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft, Mannheim)
end of employment: 01.01.1933 (retired)
career:

15.08.1886 - 15.08.1889 Barmer Bankverein, Barmen (apprenticeship)
15.08.1889 - 30.09.1891 Barmer Bankverein, Barmen (clerk)
01.10.1891 - 30.09.1892 military service
01.04.1892 - 31.12.1895 private bank Hermann Isaac, Ruhrort (cashier)
01.04.1896 - 01.10.1904 private bank Veit L. Homburger, Karlsruhe (cashier and holder of power of attorney)
01.10.1904 - 01.06.1905 private bank Gebr. Goldschmidt, Kassel (co-manager)
01.06.1905 - 31.05.1906 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft, Mannheim
01.06.1906 - 29.10.1929 Süddeutsche Disconto-Gesellschaft Freiburg branch (director)
30.10.1929 - 31.12.1932 Deutsche Bank und Disconto-Gesellschaft Freiburg branch (director)
last known address: Günterstalstrasse 61, Freiburg i. Br., "Stolperstein" (literally “stumbling stone or block”, metal cobblestone commemorating an individual victim of Nazism) laid on 22 November 2023
emigration: 01.04.1939 to Arnhem (Netherlands)
transports: 18.11.1942 to camp Westerbork
18.01.1944 to camp Theresienstadt
archival sources: HADB, P25/W20, P25/W25
literature: Gerhard Hirschfeld, Niederlande, in: Wolfgang Benz (ed.), Dimension des Völkermords. Die Zahl der jüdischen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus, München 1991, p.157; Andreas Meckel, Der Verlust der Heimat. Die Freiburger Bankiersfamilie Wolff, in: Badische Zeitung, 14.12.2024
links:

https://collections.arolsen-archives.org/en/document/130403310

https://www.gedenkbuch-wuppertal.de/de/person/wolff-4

https://www.stolpersteine-in-freiburg.de/stolpersteine/willy-wolff/?translation=de

Show content of Zacharias, Georg

first name(s), surname: Georg Zacharias
day of birth: 09.06.1880
birthplace: Garnsee (West Prussia), today Gardeja (Poland)
day of death: 18.08.1942
place of death: Riga
document:
ZachariasD300 Memorandum from the employee department of the Deutsche Bank (Altbank) Berlin dated 9 June 1950, which shows that Georg Zacharias' account was blocked on 25 November 1942 and his assets were forfeited to the Reich on 25. September 1944. The remaining balance at Deutsche Bank at the end of the war was 535.76 Reichsmarks, which his brother Dr. Kurt Zacharias was able to dispose of in 1952.
(HADB, DB(alt)/00963)
life: Georg Zacharias came from Garnsee in West Prussia. His parents were the surgeon Dr. Siegfried Zacharias and his wife Henriette, née Hirschberg. The couple had three more children: Kurt, Edith and Elsbeth. After the father's death, the mother moved to Marienwerder, where the children attended school. In 1900 the family moved to Berlin-Charlottenburg. Georg completed a banking apprenticeship and then worked as an employee at the Berlin head office of Deutsche Bank on Mauerstrasse. No information has been preserved about his banking career. He was probably given early retirement in the early 1930s as part of the general downsizing following the merger with Disconto-Gesellschaft and the world economic and banking crisis.

Georg and his sisters Edith and Elsbeth, who were commercial secretaries at the ore trading company Rawack & Gruenfeld, remained unmarried and lived together in one household for a long time, initially at Knesebeckstrasse 46/47. In 1939 they were forced to give up their apartment and moved to Pariser Strasse 11. There they lived in a kind of emergency family community in three rooms on the second floor. The Zacharias siblings were deported from the Putlitzstrasse freight station in Berlin-Moabit to Riga-Sakirotva on 15 August 1942 and murdered there three days later in the forests of Rumbula and Bikernieki.

The brother Kurt Zacharias was a doctor in Berlin-Neukölln. In 1938, after he had to give up his practice, he left Germany with his wife Else and lived in Paris, where he tried to obtain naturalization. In the mid-1950s he practiced again as a doctor in Pirmasens.
joined Deutsche Bank: unknown
end of employment: unknown
career:

around 1900 - around 1930 Deutsche Bank Zentrale Berlin
last known address: Berlin-Wilmersdorf, Pariser Strasse 11, "Stolperstein" (literally “stumbling stone or block”, metal cobblestone commemorating an individual victim of Nazism) laid on 22.06.2014
transport: 18th transport on 15 August 1942 from Berlin to Riga
archival sources: HADB, DB(alt)/00963; HADB, B377
literature: Berliner Gedenkbuch der jüdischen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus, Berlin 1995, p. 1384.
links:

https://www.stolpersteine-berlin.de/de/pariser-str/11/georg-zacharias

https://www.geni.com/people/Georg-Zacharias/6000000103786482841